Section I Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1 the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2 factors. But Dr. Uri Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big 3 was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samles of information they were working with. 4 , he theorised that a judge 5 of apperaring too soft 6 crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 7 he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.
To 8 this idea, he turned to the university-admissions process. In theory, the 9 of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10 randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr. Simonsoho suspected the truth was 11 .
He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews 12 by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had 13 applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale 14 numerous factors into consideration. The scores were 15 used in conjunction with an applicant’s score on the Granduate Managent Adimssion Test, or GMAT, a standardized exam which is 16 out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.
Dr. Simonsoho found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one 17 that, then the score for the next applicant would 18 by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to 19 the effects of such a decrease a candidate could need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been 20 .
1. [A] grants [B]submits [C]transmits [D]delivers
2. [A] minor [B]objective [C]crucial [D] external
3. [A] issue [B]vision [C]picture [D]external
4. [A] For example [B] On average [C]In principle [D]Above all
5. [A] fond [B] fearful [C]capable [D] thoughtless
6. [A] in [B] on [C] to [D] for
7. [A] if [B] until [C] though [D] unless
8. [A] promote [B] emphasize [C] share [D]success
9. [A] decision [B] quality [C] status [D] success
10. [A] chosen [B] studied [C] found [D] identified
11. [A] exceptional [B] defensible [C] replaceable [D] otherwise
12. [A] inspired [B] expressed [C] conducted [D] secured
13. [A] assigned [B] rated [C] matched [D] arranged
14. [A] put [B] got [C] gave [D] took
15. [A] instead [B] then [C] ever [D] rather
16. [A] selected [B] passed [C] marked [D] introduced
17. [A] before [B] after [C] above [D] below
18. [A] jump [B] float [C] drop [D] fluctuate
19. [A] achieve [B] undo [C] maintain [D] disregard
20. [A] promising [B] possible [C] necessary [D] helpful
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
Text 1
In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada ,Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her, Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.
This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with the feverish would described in Overdressed, Eliazabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so ,advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara ,H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable-meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that –and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.
The victims of this revolution , of course ,are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.
Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma. “Mass-produced clothing ,like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,” Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year – about 64 items per person – and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.
Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes – and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can’t be knocked off.
Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment – including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford not to.
21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her
[A] poor bargaining skill.
[B] insensitivity to fashion.
[C] obsession with high fashion.
[D] lack of imagination.
22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers to
[A] combat unnecessary waste.
[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.
[C] resist the influence of advertisements.
[D] shop for their garments more frequently.
23. The word “indictment” (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to
[A] accusation.
[B] enthusiasm.
[C] indifference.
[D] tolerance.
24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraph?
[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.
[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.
[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.
[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.
25. What is the subject of the text?
[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.
[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.
[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.
[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.
Text 2
An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half . In the internet age, at least in theory ,this fraction can be much reduced . By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.
In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?
In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a "do not track "(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digltal Adwertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responging to DNT requests.
On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.
It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Geting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.
Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. Atter all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google's on that count before. Brendon Lynch, Microsoft's chief privacy officer, bloggde:"we believe consumers should have more control." Could it really be that simple?
26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to:
[A] ease competition among themselves
[B] lower their operational costs
[C] avoid complaints from consumers
[D] provide better online services
27. “The industry” (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:
[A] online advertisers
[B] e-commerce conductors
[C] digital information analysis
[D] internet browser developers
28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default
[A] many cut the number of junk ads
[B] fails to affect the ad industry
[C] will not benefit consumers
[D] goes against human nature
29. which of the following is ture according to Paragraph.6?
[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose
[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT
[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers
[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads
30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:
[A] indulgence
[B] understanding
[C] appreciaction
[D] skepticism
Text 3
Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to pandemic flu to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.
But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years - so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years (see "100,000 AD: Living in the deep future"). Look up Homo sapiens in the IUCN's "Red List" of threatened species, and you will read: "Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."
So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation, based in San Francisco, has created a forum where thinkers and scientists are invited to project the implications of their ideas over very long timescales. Its flagship project is a mechanical clock, buried deep inside a mountain in Texas, that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence.
Then there are scientists who are giving serious consideration to the idea that we should recognise a new geological era: the Anthropocene. They, too, are pulling the camera right back and asking what humanity's impact will be on the planet - in the context of stratigraphic time.
Perhaps perversely, it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potential evolution of today's technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it's perhaps best left to science-fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That's one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.
But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.
This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy: while our species may flourish, a great many individuals may not. But we are now knowledgeable enough to mitigate many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come. Thinking about our place in deep time is a good way to focus on the challenges that confront us today, and to make a future worth living in.
31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by
[A] our desire for ares of fulfillment
[B] our faith in science and teched
[C] our awareness of potential risks
[D] our bdief in equal opportunity
32. The IUCN“Rod List”suggest that human beings on
[A] a sustained species
[B] the word’s deminant power
[C] a threat to the environment
[D] a misplaced race
33. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?
[A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.
[B] Technology offers solutions to social problem.
[C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise.
[D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.
34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to
[A] explore our planet’s abundant resources.
[B] adopt an optimistic view of the world.
[C] draw on our experience from the past.
[D] curb our ambition to reshape history.
35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
[A] Uncertainty about Our Future
[B] Evolution of the Human Species
[C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind.
[D] Science, Technology and Humanity.
Text 4
Text 4
On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona’s immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administration’s effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.
In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona’s controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization ”and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial . Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.
Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court’s liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately “occupied the field” and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal’s privileged powers.
However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.
Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute.The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.
The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”.The White House argued that Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities,even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter.In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with .
Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could. It never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn’t want to carry out Congress’s immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.
36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they
[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.
[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.
[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.
[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.
37. On which of the following did the Justices agree,according to Paragraph4?
[A] Federal officers’ duty to withhold immigrants’information.
[B] States’ independence from federal immigration law.
[C] States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.
[D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.
38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts
[A] violated the Constitution.
[B] undermined the states’ interests.
[C] supported the federal statute.
[D] stood in favor of the states.
39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement
[A] outweighs that held by the states.
[B] is dependent on the states’ support.
[C] is established by federal statutes.
[D] rarely goes against state laws.
40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?
[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.
[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administrstion.
[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.
[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.
Part B
Directions:
In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
The social sciences are flourishing.As of 2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.
Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security,sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to arificial fertilizers . Here , too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.
(42)____This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter:there is no radical innovation without creative destruction .
Today ,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates,rather than on topics with external impact.
Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental changed” or “climate change” have increased rapidly since 2004,(43)____
When social scientists do tackle practical issues ,their scope is often local:Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example .And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.
The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding (44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate.
The trick is to direct these funds better.The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists.This year,it was proposed that system be changed:Horizon 2020,a new program to be enacted in 2014,would not have such a category ,This has resulted in protests from social scientists.But the intention is not to neglect social science ; rather ,the complete opposite.(45)____That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems.
[A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of social
scientists:one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly
specialized journals,and one that is problem-oriented and publishing
elsewhere,such as policy briefs.
[B] However,the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the
100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these
Keywords.
[C] the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.
[D] the solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones.
[E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior . all require behavioral change and social innovations , as well as technological development . Stemming climate change , for example , is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.
[F] Despite these factors , many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems . And in Europe , some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development .
[G] During the late 1990s , national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.
Section III Translation
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge; (46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that , for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak os various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.
One of these urges had to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a “still point of the turning world,” to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot. (47)A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the foemer becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the structuring of one’s relation to one’s environment. (48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such. In so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.
Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, (49)most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the expression vanish as if by magic. In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call arrangement of materials, an institution of colors, small pool of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasy elements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world. (50)It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden though in a “l(fā)iberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions. In them we can see biophilia- a yearning for contact with nonhuman life－assuming uncanny representational forms.
Section IV Writing
Part A
51. Directions:
Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college , inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest. You should include the details you think necessary. You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail , Use "Li Ming" instead.
Do not write the address.(10 points)
Part B
52. Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay you should
1) describe the drawing briefly
2) explain its intended meaning, and
3) give your comments
You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. (20 points)
?
2013年全國(guó)碩士研究生入學(xué)統(tǒng)一考試英語(yǔ)（一）試題解析
Section I Use of English
1．【答案】A
【解析】第一句提到“總體而言，當(dāng)人們自己做決定時(shí)，并不擅長(zhǎng)考慮背景 信息?！钡诙漤樈由衔模罢б豢催@是一種優(yōu)勢(shì)”，that引起定語(yǔ)從句，這種優(yōu)勢(shì)使人們具有一種能力，即能夠做出不受外界因素影響的不帶偏見的決定。B選項(xiàng)submit “服從，提交”，不能與ability連用，C選項(xiàng)transmit “傳輸，發(fā)射”，也不能與ability 搭配，D選項(xiàng)deliver “傳遞”，同樣不能與ability搭配。A, C, D無(wú)論從搭配上還是意思上都不合適。A選項(xiàng)grant本身具有賦予，授予的意思。故答案選A。
2．【答案】D
【解析】external外部因素和上文的background information同義復(fù)現(xiàn)，不考慮背景信息，不受外界因素影響。A選項(xiàng)minor 次要的，B選項(xiàng)objective 客觀的，C選項(xiàng)crucial 殘酷的，D選項(xiàng)external 外部的，故答案選D。
3．【答案】C
【解析】第三題本句but引起句意轉(zhuǎn)折?！暗荴X推測(cè)不考慮大局會(huì)導(dǎo)致決策者被日常接觸的信息影響而帶有偏見?！笔紫茸⒁獾娇涨懊嬗卸ü谠~the，指代上文信息，即不考慮背景信息、不考慮大環(huán)境。而大局，大環(huán)境的表達(dá)，此處選擇picture是最貼切的。A選項(xiàng) issue 問題，B選項(xiàng)vision 想象力，美景都不合適，故答案選C。
4．【答案】A
【解析】通讀后面的句子，提到了法官與被告，這明顯是生活當(dāng)中的一個(gè)具體的實(shí)例，故答案選A。而B選項(xiàng) on average “平均，通?！?，出現(xiàn)的話，周圍往往應(yīng)該要出現(xiàn)數(shù)字。C選項(xiàng)in principle“大體上，原則上”，后面需要出現(xiàn)的是總結(jié)性的話語(yǔ)，D選項(xiàng)above all“首先” 是用來(lái)列舉條目，將A,B,D排除。
5．【答案】B
【解析】從句意上來(lái)看“例如，他們提出理論，認(rèn)為法官不敢在罪行面前表現(xiàn)得太軟弱，如果當(dāng)天已經(jīng)宣判五六名被告執(zhí)行緩刑，那么他很有可能將下一個(gè)人送入監(jiān)獄。A選項(xiàng)fond of 喜歡，B選項(xiàng) fear of 懼怕，C選項(xiàng)capable of 有能力，D選項(xiàng)thoughtless of 考慮不周，故答案選B。
6．【答案】B
【解析】根據(jù)句內(nèi)的邏輯關(guān)系，在對(duì)待犯罪行為方面害怕表現(xiàn)出太軟弱，在。。。方面，關(guān)于。。。的表達(dá)應(yīng)該用介詞on，故答案為B。
7．【答案】A
【解析】A if 表?xiàng)l件。B選項(xiàng) until 表時(shí)間，往往跟not連用，直接排除。C選項(xiàng)though表讓步，D選項(xiàng)unless 相當(dāng)于 if...not 。通讀空格所在的前后句子，得出這兩句之間的邏輯關(guān)系是表示條件的。
8．【答案】D
【解析】首先注意到idea前面有定冠詞this，很明顯指代上文提出的觀點(diǎn)。而且跟上文以法官為例一樣，下文“他們把注意力轉(zhuǎn)向大學(xué)錄取過程”也是上文觀點(diǎn)的例證，目的是對(duì)上文的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行檢驗(yàn)，而不是A選項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)”，B選項(xiàng)“強(qiáng)調(diào)”或C選項(xiàng)“分享”，故答案選D。
9．【答案】D
【解析】A選項(xiàng)decision“決定”，B 選項(xiàng)quality“質(zhì)量，品質(zhì)”，C選項(xiàng)status“地位”，D選項(xiàng)success“成功”。申請(qǐng)者的____不應(yīng)該取決于同一天隨機(jī)選到的其他幾名申請(qǐng)者。接著下文講到面試官面試MBA申請(qǐng)者的結(jié)果results，因此第9題應(yīng)該也有結(jié)果的意思，與下文結(jié)合是達(dá)到正面的結(jié)果，因此答案是即“申請(qǐng)者的成功”。其它選項(xiàng)帶入原文重疊答案，與原義不符合
10．【答案】A
【解析】空格后面有一個(gè)副詞為randomly，隨機(jī)地，既然是隨機(jī)，那么選項(xiàng)B選項(xiàng)studied“研究過的”，C選項(xiàng)found “找到的” D選項(xiàng)identified“經(jīng)鑒定的”就與randomly是相矛盾的，全部排除。
11．【答案】D
【解析】本題解題關(guān)鍵在于but，通過suspect可以看出Dr. Simonsohn與前文意思相反，因此otherwise正好符合題意。
12．【答案】C
【解析】此外明顯缺一個(gè)過去分詞作interviews的定語(yǔ)，再看by后面的officers，只有conducted（執(zhí)行），符合語(yǔ)境，故為正確答案。
13．【答案】B
【解析】本題末尾one to five（從一到五），前面又有一個(gè)on a scale（…的范圍）, A分配，D排列語(yǔ)義上說(shuō)不通，再綜合后面的factor（因素），對(duì)比一下，只有B（劃分等級(jí)），整合起來(lái)，即劃分成一到五個(gè)等級(jí)，合情合理C match看似與to搭配，但也不符合文意，故正確答案為B.
14．【答案】D
【解析】本題需聯(lián)系整句話，take…into consideration（考慮，涉及），從形式上來(lái)說(shuō)沒有問題，再?gòu)囊饬x上來(lái)看，說(shuō)“這個(gè)等級(jí)考慮了幾種因素…”，是對(duì)上文評(píng)級(jí)的進(jìn)一步解釋，也沒有問題。
15．【答案】B
【解析】還是承接上文講到的評(píng)級(jí)得分，后半句講到的是（平時(shí)學(xué)校等級(jí)）考試得分，再結(jié)合中間conjunction一詞（聯(lián)接），可以推斷為then（具有承接之意），因此為正確答案，而A和D為同一意義和用法（代替），與conjunction相沖突，C說(shuō)不通，故也為錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。
16．【答案】C
【解析】本題出在一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句上，先行詞為a standardized exam, 后半句是800分，考試和分?jǐn)?shù)之間首選marked，選項(xiàng)B通過 具有一定的干擾性，但注意主語(yǔ)是考試，所以正確選項(xiàng)為C。A為無(wú)關(guān)選項(xiàng)。
17．【答案】A
【解析】本句屬于比較級(jí)，對(duì)比的是幾個(gè)面試者的分?jǐn)?shù)，C、D是空間上的上下，而這里缺的時(shí)間上的先后，故排除C和D，B是“之后”，不符合語(yǔ)言先后邏輯，故正確答案為A.
18．【答案】C
【解析】解本題需往下看，to…the effects of such a decrease, 由此可以判斷接下來(lái)那個(gè)應(yīng)聘者的分?jǐn)?shù)是出現(xiàn)了下降，故直擊正確選項(xiàng)C.
19．【答案】B
【解析】該句為不定式作主語(yǔ)，“（面試考官可能給）更低的分?jǐn)?shù)”所帶來(lái)的影響，可以推斷，是消除或是抵消這種不利結(jié)果，應(yīng)聘者需要在GMAT中多拿30分，A “達(dá)到”，C “保持”D“漠視”明顯不符，故A“消除”為正確答案。
20．【答案】C
【解析】該題難度較大，需把句意弄懂，也就是“這30分是比…所多的”建議把四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別代入空格處，A有前途的，B可能的，C必須的，D有幫助的，對(duì)比之后，只有C最合邏輯，也就是說(shuō)“這30分是比原本該考試所必須要求的多出來(lái)的，即另外多拿本不需要的30分才能平衡前面的更低的分?jǐn)?shù)”，故C為正確選項(xiàng)。
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Text 1
21．【答案】B （insensitivity to fashion）
【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干，首先定位到首段。由文章第一句后半句“…scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her.”意思是：“……批評(píng)她沒有魅力的助理，因?yàn)橹碚J(rèn)為高級(jí)時(shí)尚對(duì)她的生活影響不大”?？芍猚riticize是對(duì)scolds的同義替換，B項(xiàng)中的“insensitivity to fashion”是“imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her.”的同義替換。所以B項(xiàng)為正確答案。
A項(xiàng)在文中并未提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)是對(duì)文章第一句的曲解。
22．【答案】D （shop for their garments more frequently）
【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干，首先定位到第二段。由倒數(shù)第二句“these labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable, ……, and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks.”意思是“這些商標(biāo)（暢銷商標(biāo)）促使有時(shí)尚意識(shí)的消費(fèi)者將服裝看成是用完就可以丟棄的，……，并且每周更新他們的衣櫥?！盌選項(xiàng) “shop for their garments more frequently”的意思是“更加頻繁地購(gòu)買服裝”，正好是“renew their wardrobe every few weeks”的同義替換。
A，B，C項(xiàng)均屬于無(wú)中生有項(xiàng)。
23．【答案】A （accusation）
【解析】詞義題。題干中需要猜測(cè)詞義的單詞出現(xiàn)在第二段的第一句“……the feverish world described in Overdressed, Elizabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of ‘fast fashion’”。再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，“indictment”是Elizabeth Cline對(duì)“快時(shí)尚”的一種態(tài)度。因此，解答此題的關(guān)鍵在于聯(lián)系上下文語(yǔ)境，找到Elizabeth Cline對(duì)“快時(shí)尚”的態(tài)度。由第二段最后一句“By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.”，意思是“Cline說(shuō)，通過以特別低的價(jià)格銷售潮流物品，這些品牌破壞了潮流周期，動(dòng)搖了這個(gè)長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)習(xí)慣于季節(jié)周期的產(chǎn)業(yè)”。由“hijack”和“shaking”可知，Cline對(duì)“快時(shí)尚”應(yīng)該是持否定態(tài)度的，所以選項(xiàng)A“accusation （譴責(zé)）”是正確選項(xiàng)。
24．【答案】D （pricing is vital to environmental-friendly purchasing）
【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干，可定位到最后一段。解題關(guān)鍵在于“Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford not to”，意思是“每個(gè)人都很虛榮，這很常見。但消費(fèi)者付不起太多東西的時(shí)候，他們才會(huì)以更加可持續(xù)的方式去購(gòu)物?！边@句的關(guān)鍵詞是“afford”和“shop more sustainably”，對(duì)應(yīng)于D項(xiàng)中的“pricing”和“environmental-friendly purchasing”。A項(xiàng)對(duì)于本段的曲解。B項(xiàng)說(shuō)的是“忽視環(huán)境的可持續(xù)發(fā)展”，與文中“several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment…”（一些時(shí)尚服飾公司已經(jīng)做出努力減少對(duì)勞動(dòng)力和環(huán)境）意思相悖。C項(xiàng)文中未提及。
25．【答案】C （criticism of the fast-fashion industry）
【解析】主旨大意題。此題考查對(duì)全文主旨大意的準(zhǔn)確歸納。從整個(gè)文章脈絡(luò)來(lái)看，文章的第一段用事例引入，第二段講到文章的主題“快時(shí)尚”，并指出它破壞了時(shí)尚周期，動(dòng)搖了時(shí)尚產(chǎn)業(yè)。第三四段指出“快時(shí)尚”這種變革的弊端，比如：給自然資源造成壓力、使用大量有害的化學(xué)物質(zhì)、浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象。最后兩段提到針對(duì)“快時(shí)尚”的不良影響，可以采取的解決辦法。由此可知，C項(xiàng)統(tǒng)領(lǐng)全文，為正確答案。
A, B,D項(xiàng)都不是文章所論述的中心主題。
Text 2
26．【答案】C （lower their operational costs）
【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干，首先定位到首段。這段的大意是廣告經(jīng)費(fèi)的一半都浪費(fèi)掉了，但是通過“behavioral ads”可以追蹤購(gòu)買者的搜索習(xí)慣和評(píng)價(jià)，使得廣告更有針對(duì)性，從而降低預(yù)算成本，也就是“this fraction can be much reduced”。 A、B和C選項(xiàng)文中并未提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。
27．【答案】D （internet browser developers）
【解析】詞義句意題。the industry在語(yǔ)篇中是指代前面的出現(xiàn)內(nèi)容，而前面出現(xiàn)的Microsoft Internet Explorer，Apple’s Safair 和Google’s Chrome都是D選項(xiàng)中中的“Internet browser developers”。 B和C選項(xiàng)文中并未提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。A選項(xiàng)并非本段中談?wù)摰暮诵摹?/p>
28．【答案】A （will not benefit consumers）
【解析】推理判斷題。解題關(guān)鍵在于“… consumers will be worse off if the industry cannot collect information about their preferences”，也就是說(shuō)，當(dāng)瀏覽器開發(fā)者不能收集消費(fèi)者網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物傾向時(shí)，消費(fèi)并不能從中受益。B、C和D選項(xiàng)文中并未提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。
29．【答案】B （DNT may not serve its intended purpose）
【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干，可以定位到第六段。解題關(guān)鍵在于理解本段的行文邏輯，即“unable to tell whether…or whether, some may ignore…”。也就是說(shuō)“由于不能辨別有些主體是真正反對(duì)行為廣告，也不能辨別它們支持微軟的做法，有些人甚至忽視DNT，繼續(xù)先前的做法。”可此可見，B項(xiàng)符合題意。A、C和D選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容在本段中均沒有提及。
30．【答案】C （skepticism）
【解析】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)題干，可以定位到文章最后一段倒數(shù)第二句，Brendon Lynch的博客中評(píng)論道：“我們認(rèn)為消費(fèi)者應(yīng)該有更大的自主權(quán)（或掌控權(quán)）”。解題關(guān)鍵在于最后一句“Could it be really that simple?”，從中可明顯看出作者的懷疑態(tài)度。A項(xiàng)是“理解”，B項(xiàng)是“贊成”，D選項(xiàng)是“縱容”的意思。
Text 3
31.【答案】[B] our faith in science and technology
【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)出題的順序性原則,可回文定位到文章第一段。該段落共計(jì)兩句話。第一句總體交代了過去人們對(duì)未來(lái)的暢想總體是積極，正面的（were largely positive）。本題的正確答案就隱含在第二句話中。第二個(gè)句子實(shí)際上緊接著第一句話，交代了積極暢想的原因在于“科學(xué)和技術(shù)能治愈人類的一切疾病”，由此可確定本題的正確答案為B。選項(xiàng)A、D都錯(cuò)在因果倒置，“ lives of fulfillment” 以及“opportunity for all”都是科學(xué)、技術(shù)帶來(lái)的結(jié)果，并非原因。選項(xiàng)C屬于無(wú)中生有，本段并沒有提及任何與“ potential risks”相關(guān)內(nèi)容，故排除。
32. 【答案】[A] a sustained species
【解析】題干問的是“瀕危物種名單（Red List）”意味著人類怎么樣了？我們根據(jù)“IUCN”和“Red List”很容易定位到第三段。首段說(shuō)的是幾十年前至今人們對(duì)未來(lái)所持的態(tài)度，第二段出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折，表明目前人們對(duì)于未來(lái)的危機(jī)意識(shí)加重。第三段再次轉(zhuǎn)折，表示第二段中人們所持態(tài)度是錯(cuò)誤的，即“人類未來(lái)不會(huì)有太大的生存危機(jī)”，并且在此段首句表明觀點(diǎn)后，用各種信息去論證和支持這一觀點(diǎn)?！癛ed List”很顯然也是用來(lái)說(shuō)明這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的，并且指出人類這個(gè)物種是widely distributed，adaptable，currently increasing，說(shuō)的都是人類進(jìn)化積極的一面。A選項(xiàng)說(shuō)：瀕危物種名單意味著人類是可以持久生存的物種，顯然是正確選項(xiàng)。
33. 【答案】 [D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.
【解析】段落推斷題。由本題的題干可以鎖定本題的答案在文章的第五段。 該段首句為段落中心句，“與思考眼前的未來(lái)相比，對(duì)如此之長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間跨度進(jìn)行思考似乎更為容易”，反過來(lái)思考也就是說(shuō)，眼前的未來(lái)更難思考，符合D選項(xiàng)含義“我們眼前的未來(lái)很難去設(shè)想”。A選項(xiàng)“Arc 幫助縮小了未來(lái)學(xué)研究的范圍”，該選項(xiàng)在文中出現(xiàn)在該段的最后一句話“這就是為什么我們可以發(fā)行Arc這樣一個(gè)致力于研究近期未來(lái)的全新出版物”，和題目含義有很大出入，故排除。B選項(xiàng)“技術(shù)為社會(huì)問題提供了解決方法”，段中并未提到。C選項(xiàng)“對(duì)科幻小說(shuō)的興趣與日俱增”，該段中雖在第二句提到科幻小說(shuō)家，但并未提及對(duì)科幻小說(shuō)的興趣，故排除。正確答案為D項(xiàng)“Our immediate future is hard to conceive”。
34．【答案】[C] draw on our experience from the past
【解析】段落細(xì)節(jié)題。由本題的題干可以鎖定本題的答案在倒數(shù)第二自然段第二句，“As so often , the past holds the key to the future . ”此題就是考查對(duì)這句話的理解，“ 未來(lái)是掌握過去的關(guān)鍵?！庇纱舜_定正確答案為B。選項(xiàng)A 、C、D 與題干無(wú)關(guān)，在原文中無(wú)直接體現(xiàn)，也不能歸納得出，故排除 。
35.【答案】[C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind
【解析】全文的主旨題?？疾榭忌鷮?duì)全文主題的把握。通觀全文，我們可發(fā)現(xiàn)作者對(duì)未來(lái)是十分看好的，尤其在文章最后一段最后一句“But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come. ”作者直接借助這句話重申主題。由此，本題正確答案應(yīng)既包含“未來(lái)”，也應(yīng)能體現(xiàn)出作者對(duì)未來(lái)的態(tài)度。確定選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。選項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)在無(wú)中生有，全文當(dāng)中對(duì)于未來(lái)，并無(wú)體現(xiàn)出對(duì)于其的不確定；本文講的是人類對(duì)于未來(lái)的看法，而不是講人類的進(jìn)化史，因此B錯(cuò)誤；D選項(xiàng)過于籠統(tǒng)，并未體現(xiàn)出作者的樂觀態(tài)度，因此不對(duì)。
Text 4
36．【答案】 overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.
【解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。principles that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial are noncontroversial.說(shuō)明聯(lián)邦法律高于州的法律是無(wú)可爭(zhēng)辯的。答案選項(xiàng)they“overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.”---他們（亞利桑那州的法案）逾越了聯(lián)邦法案。就是對(duì)文中這句話的反義改寫。Overstep 為同義替換原文中的intrude, authority 同義替換了privileged powers.
屬于同義置換。
37．【答案】States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.州政府在移民法案實(shí)施中的合法地位。
【解析】第四段主要說(shuō)明了，州警察依然可以核實(shí)移民的法律地位。國(guó)會(huì)設(shè)想joint federal-state immigration enforcement聯(lián)合實(shí)施移民法案。同時(shí)，encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.國(guó)會(huì)鼓勵(lì)州警察與聯(lián)邦同事分享信息以及相互合作。其他選項(xiàng)的withhold，independence，intervention文中也沒有提到。屬于過度推斷。
38．【答案】（Stood in favor of the states）
【解析】第五段最后一句：唯一的最主要的反對(duì)來(lái)自法官Antonino Scalia, 這個(gè)法官“defense” 是支持州的權(quán)利的，“going back to”可追溯到Alien and Sedition Acts，證明這個(gè)法案是支持州的權(quán)利的。
39．【答案】（outweights that held by the states.）
聯(lián)邦政府的權(quán)利大過州的實(shí)施權(quán)利
【解析】第六段The White House 認(rèn)為亞利桑那州的法律跟白宮的法律實(shí)施權(quán)利沖突。In effect后面表達(dá)的是重點(diǎn)：如果這些州的法律跟它有沖突的話，白宮聲明它有權(quán)利宣布其它州的法律無(wú)效。
40．【答案】（The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.）
(政府在移民問題上占據(jù)著主導(dǎo)地位)
【解析】本段第一句話，聯(lián)邦政府確實(shí)有一些exclusively（專門地）權(quán)利，比如控制居民以及邊界。這就暗示了移民問題上，政府當(dāng)局是具有主導(dǎo)權(quán)利的。
Part B
41．【答案】G (These issues all have root causes in human behavior...)
【解析】此題可以通過上下文的銜接和代詞指代來(lái)確定答案?？崭袂耙痪湔劦健斑@種巨大的能源不是當(dāng)今全球問題的主要影響因素，這些問題包括氣候變化、安全、可持續(xù)發(fā)展和健康問題”，空后談到“人類有必要的農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)工具來(lái)消除饑餓”，空格處應(yīng)該填入的選項(xiàng)可以連接前后句的內(nèi)容，既包括談及到全球問題，又談及到解決問題的選項(xiàng)只有G項(xiàng)。該項(xiàng)首句提到的these issues即指代空前所提及的全球問題，以及該項(xiàng)第二句的climate change舉例說(shuō)明即是空前所列出的問題之一，并且該項(xiàng)提及解決氣候變化的問題，很好的啟示了下文。
42．【答案】C (Despite these factors...)
【解析】本題可以通過連貫性原則和代詞指代來(lái)確定答案。上段末句提到“問題也帶有社會(huì)因素：對(duì)食物的組織和分配，財(cái)產(chǎn)和財(cái)富”，空格后談到“這是一種恥辱，社會(huì)應(yīng)該抓住機(jī)會(huì)提升它在真實(shí)世界中的影響”，并且應(yīng)用了社會(huì)科學(xué)家的話語(yǔ)來(lái)表明應(yīng)該采取行動(dòng)，即：上段末句提到的問題，空前談到存在問題，那么接下來(lái)應(yīng)該解決問題，但是空后談到這是一種恥辱，然后糾正應(yīng)該解決問題，所以空格處應(yīng)該承上啟下，表達(dá)沒有解決問題這個(gè)含義，因此C項(xiàng)“盡管存在這些因素，很多社會(huì)科學(xué)家不愿意解決此問題”即為正確選項(xiàng)，該項(xiàng)中these factors指代上段末句提到的社會(huì)因素，而“很多科學(xué)家不愿意解決此問題”就是下文提及的this。
43．【答案】B (However, the numbers are still small...)
【解析】本題可以通過原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)確定答案?？涨耙痪渲v到“ the number of papers including.....have increased rapidly ...”，緊接著在選項(xiàng)B中也出現(xiàn)了“the number”，屬于原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。從邏輯關(guān)系的角度來(lái)看，選項(xiàng)B有一個(gè)明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折詞“however”，這說(shuō)明其表達(dá)的含義與空前信息相反，該選項(xiàng)提到“the numbers are still small”（數(shù)量非常?。?，空前信息是“the number ... increased rapidly”（數(shù)量增長(zhǎng)非常迅速），兩者在語(yǔ)意上構(gòu)成了明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。所以正確答案為B。
44．【答案】D (During the late 1990s...)
【解析】本題設(shè)在段落中間，可以通過段落一致性代詞指代來(lái)確定答案。該段第一句提到：“The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding”,其表達(dá)的含義是：事情的問題不是可用資金的數(shù)目。那接下來(lái)要講的內(nèi)容一定和資金有關(guān)系?？蘸蟪霈F(xiàn)了代詞“this is an adequate amount”其含義是：這個(gè)資金數(shù)目是足夠的。那么this指代的內(nèi)容一定和adequate amount相關(guān)，而選項(xiàng)D的題干是“national spending varied from 4% to 25%”，其表述的內(nèi)容正是資金的總量。因此選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。
45．【答案】E (The idea is to force social to integrate...)
【解析】本題設(shè)空在段落中間，應(yīng)瞻前顧后地依據(jù)連貫性原則確定答案?？涨暗男畔⑹侵笟W盟提議取消了之前設(shè)定的專門投資支持社會(huì)科學(xué)家的專欄項(xiàng)目，其目的不是為了忽略社會(huì)科學(xué)家，而是完全相反，即文章中的“complete opposite”，根據(jù)語(yǔ)意銜接，接下來(lái)會(huì)說(shuō)明歐盟這一做法的真正目的，并且這一目的對(duì)于社會(huì)科學(xué)家一定是積極的。選項(xiàng)E中的the idea指代空前出現(xiàn)的“it was proposed that...”，即歐盟的提案。除此之外，空后提到了collaborative endeavors，與選項(xiàng)E中的短語(yǔ)integrate with構(gòu)成了同義替換?？蘸笮畔⒅械膅lobal problems與選項(xiàng)E中的health and demographic change, food security, ... and secure societies構(gòu)成上下義的關(guān)系，這也是解題的一道線索，因此，正確答案為選項(xiàng)E。
Section III Translation
46. yet, when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.
【參考譯文】然而，看著無(wú)家可歸者繪制出的花園圖片時(shí)，人們會(huì)突然想到，盡管這些花園風(fēng)格多樣，它們都顯示了人類除了裝飾和創(chuàng)造性表達(dá)之外的其他各種基本訴求
47. A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need.
【參考譯文】無(wú)論地方多么簡(jiǎn)陋不堪，尋求一片靜謐圣土是人類特有的需求，而動(dòng)物需要的僅是僅是避難棲息之地。
48. The gardens of the homeless, which are in effect homeless gardens, introduce form into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such.
【參考譯文】無(wú)家可歸者的樂園,實(shí)際上是一個(gè)毫無(wú)家氣息的地方,給城市環(huán)境帶來(lái)了一種新的形式。。
無(wú)家可歸者描繪的花園實(shí)質(zhì)上是無(wú)所依附的,這些花園把一種形式引入城市環(huán)境中，而這樣的城市環(huán)境中，形式要么根本不存在, 要么就完全不是以這種明顯的方式存在。
49. most of us give in to a demoralization of spirit which usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in a garden and feel the oppression vanish as if by magic.
【參考譯文】我們大多數(shù)人會(huì)深陷于精神萎靡的狀態(tài)，并常常將此歸咎為一些心理原因，直到某天我們發(fā)現(xiàn)自己置身花園中，感到如魔法般煩悶盡消
50. It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of the word garden, though in a “l(fā)iberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions.
【參考譯文】正是對(duì)自然的這種或隱晦含蓄或清晰直白的提及，充分證實(shí)了用“花園”一詞來(lái)描述這些虛擬建筑是合乎情理的，即使是從毫無(wú)拘泥的意義來(lái)講的。
Section IV Writing
51．
【參考范文】
Dear Professor Wang,
I am writing on behalf of our college to invite you to be a judge for the English speech contest which will be held next week.
We know that you are admired by all the students. As college students, we would like to improve our abilities in spoken English as well as written English. We would be grateful if you could be the judge for this contest to be held in Room 102, the Teaching Building on Saturday, June 4th, at 7p.m.
We trust you will be disengaged and able to give us the pleasure of your company. We are looking forward to seeing you.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
52．
【參考范文】
Emerging from the cartoon is an eye-catching scene that a mass of graduates are at a critical turning point on the way to the future. A variety of choices, such as finding a job, going further education or abroad, and doing pioneering work, lie in front of them.
The implication echoed by this cartoon can be summarized as a philosophic topic in our daily life：the success of a man is directly related to the choice made by himself. Nevertheless, I cherish a belief that we can not tell whether the selection is good or not, and as long as we adhere to our decision success will be realized step by step. Although making choice is essential to help determine the direction of our way, judged from the personal aspect, persistence functions as an indispensable driving force to keep up our spirit and to assist us to fulfill our study and work. However, some people, pacing up and down, are not industrious and try to find a short-cut success. In fact, only those who are hard-working and brave enough to encounter obstacles of all sorts are most likely to reach the summit of success.
It occurs to many that the most fundamental thing to success is making a good choice. But I recommend that graduates as well as all the citizens should struggle to make their choice be a reality.
(編輯:鄭克姍)
